spring에서 scheduling작업 추가하기

spring에서 scheduling작업 추가하기

    # build.gradle 
    plugins { 
        id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.1.6.RELEASE' 
    } 
    ...     
    dependencies { 
        implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web' 
    } 

    # Application.java 
    @SpringBootApplication 
    @EnableScheduling   // 스케줄링 작업을 가능하게 해 준다. 
    public class Application { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); 
        } 
    } 

    # SchedulingService.java 
    @Service 
    public class SchedulingService { 
        public void job(String option) { 
            System.out.println(option + " scheduling job start : " + LocalTime.now()); 
            System.out.println(option + " scheduling job end : " + LocalTime.now()); 
        } 
    } 

    # TestScheduler.java 
    @Controller // component 스캔을 가능하게 한다. 
    public class Scheduler { 

        @Autowired 
        private SchedulingService schedulingService; 

        @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 10000) // 메소드 호출이 종료되는 시간에서 10000ms 이후 재 호출 
        public void doFixedDelayJob() { 
            schedulingService.job("fixedDelay"); 
        } 
    } 

• 실행결과
  fixedDelay scheduling job start : 14:38:29.519
  fixedDelay scheduling job end : 14:38:34.520

  fixedDelay scheduling job start : 14:38:44.519
  fixedDelay scheduling job end : 14:38:49.519

  fixedDelay scheduling job start : 14:38:59.519
  fixedDelay scheduling job end : 14:39:04.519

• fixedDelay는 매소드 호출이 종료되는 시간부터이기 때문에, 규칙적으로 반복되는 작업을 할 때는 fixedRate가 적합하다.

    # TestScheduler.java 
    @Controller // component 스캔을 가능하게 한다. 
    public class Scheduler { 
  
        @Autowired 
        private SchedulingService schedulingService; 
  
        @Scheduled(fixedRate = 10000) // 메소드 호출이 시작되는 시간에허 10000ms 이후 재 호출 
        public void doFixedRateJob() { 
            schedulingService.job("fixedRate"); 
        } 
    } 

• 실행결과
  fixedRate scheduling job start : 14:40:14.519
  fixedRate scheduling job end : 14:40:19.519

  fixedRate scheduling job start : 14:40:24.519
  fixedRate scheduling job end : 14:40:29.520

  fixedRate scheduling job start : 14:40:34.519
  fixedRate scheduling job end : 14:40:39.519

여러개의 스케줄러를 구현

한 번에 두 가지 스케줄러를 실행하면, Thread가 한개 이기 때문에 시간이 뒤죽박죽이 된다.

    # Scheduler.java 
    @Controller 
    public class Scheduler { 

        @Autowired 
        private SchedulingService schedulingService; 

        @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 10000) 
        public void doFixedDelayJob() { 
            schedulingService.job("fixedDelay"); 
        } 

        @Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000) 
        public void doFixedRateJob() { 
            schedulingService.job("fixedRate"); 
        } 
    } 

• 실행결과
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:43:49.935
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:43:54.936

  fixedDelay--scheduling job start--14:43:54.936
  fixedDelay--scheduling job end--14:43:59.937

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:43:59.937
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:44:04.937

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:44:09.932
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:44:14.932

  fixedDelay--scheduling job start--14:44:14.932
  fixedDelay--scheduling job end--14:44:19.933

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:44:19.933
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:44:24.933
  이럴 때는 SchedulingConfigurer를 구현해서 Thread pool을 늘려 주면 스케줄러가 각각 독립적으로 동작하게 할 수 있다.

    # SchedulingConfig.java 
    @Configuration 
    public class SchedulingConfig implements SchedulingConfigurer { 
        @Override 
        public void configureTasks (ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) { 
            ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler(); 
            threadPoolTaskScheduler.setPoolSize(2); 
            threadPoolTaskScheduler.initialize(); 
            taskRegistrar.setTaskScheduler(threadPoolTaskScheduler); 
        } 
    } 

• 실행 결과
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:48:15.776
  fixedDelay--scheduling job start--14:48:15.776
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:48:20.776
  fixedDelay--scheduling job end--14:48:20.776

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:48:25.774
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:48:30.775

  fixedDelay--scheduling job start--14:48:30.777
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:48:35.773
  fixedDelay--scheduling job end--14:48:35.777
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:48:40.774

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:48:45.773
  fixedDelay--scheduling job start--14:48:45.778
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:48:50.773
  fixedDelay--scheduling job end--14:48:50.778

메소드끼리 독립적으로 동작

schedule되는 시간보다 time out을 더 길게 잡아 보았다. ( 5초단위 실행, time out은 10초)

• 실행 결과
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:51:45.495
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:51:55.495

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:51:55.495
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:52:05.496

  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:52:05.496
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:52:15.497

service 내부에서 각각 thread를 생성하면 독립적으로 동작하게 할 수 있다.

    # SchedulingService.java 
    @Service 
    public class SchedulingService { 
        public void job(String option) { 
            try { 
                new Thread(new Runnable() { 
                    @Override 
                    public void run () { 
                        System.out.println(option + "--scheduling job start--" + LocalTime.now()); 
                        try { 
                            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10); 
                        } catch (InterruptedException ignored) { 
                        } 
                        System.out.println(option + "--scheduling job end--" + LocalTime.now()); 
                    } 
                }).start(); 
            } catch (Exception ignored) { 
            } 
        } 
    } 

• 실행 결과
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:54:16.968 // Thread 1 start
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:54:21.968 // Thread 2 start
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:54:26.968 // Thread 1 end
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:54:26.968 // Thread 3 start
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:54:31.969 // Thread 2 end
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:54:31.968 // Thread 4 start
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:54:36.969 // Thread 3 end
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:54:36.969 // Thread 5 start
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:54:41.969 // Thread 4 end
  fixedRate--scheduling job start--14:54:41.969 // Thread 6 start
  fixedRate--scheduling job end--14:54:46.969 // Thread 5 end